Orlov Horse Insurance

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About the Orlov Breed
.The originator of this famous breed of Russian trotters was Count Alexius Grigorievich Orlov, a Russian nobleman who was born in 1737 and died in 1808. He was renowned for his great strength and dexterity, and was a man of many interests besides the horse. He was concerned with his brother Gregory in the conspiracy of 1763, which led to the deposition and death of Tsar Peter III, and was said to have been his actual murderer. He also commended the Russian fleet that annihilated the Turks at Chesme in 1770. When he died he left 30,000 serfs and an estate worth five million roubles.
After his more violent activities he appears to have turned his attention to horse breeding, and in 1777 evolved the breed which forever after was to be known by his name when his other exploits were forgotten. He produced the Orlov Horse by crossing the following bloods: English, Thoroughbred, Arab, Dutch, Danish and Mecklenburg. The first stallion was an Arab, called ‘Smetanka’, which was put to a Dutch mare from whom was bred a stallion called ‘Polkan’. The first trotter out of the latter’s progeny was a stallions out of a black Dutch mare which was named ‘Bars First’. This horse is considered to be the head of the Orlov breed. There were further admixtures of Dutch, English and Arab bloods.
Trotting has always been a popular sport in Russia, and in pre-Revolution Russia the Orlov breed was developed for the purpose. As it is known now, the breed has two definite lines, a heavy type, which is predominantly black, and a slighter type, with more pronounced Arab features, which is usually grey. The latter has been more successful on the racetrack and leads in speed records. So far as is known at present, the fastest mile in Russia has been trotted in 2 minutes 6 seconds, which is still a good way behind the American record of 1 minute 55 seconds.
A good Orlov is very handsome, with a small head, very Arabian in appearance, broad chest, longish back, good well-rounded quarters and strong muscular legs. The height goes up to 17 hands.
At the beginning of the century the type was becoming a little degenerate, longer in the body and legs, and with decreasing stamina. New colours, dark brown and dark chestnut, also made their appearance. During the Revolution the proletarian zeal of the Bolsheviks extended to Thoroughbred horses as well as to human aristocracy, and many were destroyed. Common sense and sporting instinct, however, seem to have prevailed in time, and the breed was saved and is still carried on together with the sport of trotting racing. The Tsarist State acquired Count Orlov’s stud, and under the name of the Khrenovsky Stud was the central breeding place of the Orlov horse. Before the Revolution there were about 3,000 stud farms in Russia devoted to the breeding of these Orlov Trotters.
This breed is another instance of the Arabian Horse Foundation, and it is characteristic of that blood and a mark of its prepotency that the Orlov head still bears the Arab stamp.
The Orlov achieved its greatest fame as a trotter and in the latter half of the last century was looked upon as the supreme horse for that work. With the strong commercial development of the trotting horse for the racetrack, mostly in America, by the most careful selection and scientific breeding and feeding, the Orlov could not now compete on equal terms. This is a case of scientific development producing excessive speed to the exclusion of all else, and has its counterpart in the Thoroughbred ousting the Arab from the racecourse and polo ground, to the loss, as many believe, of soundness and stamina. Reference has been made to the 3,000 stud farms in Russia devoted to the breeding of this horse – an almost unbelievable number, by the way – but it is difficult to say how many of these still exist today. The least that can be hoped is that this world-famous breed still flourishes.




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