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Trakehner
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About the Trakehner Breed
.Undoubtedly the best German breed is the
East Prussian horse. East Prussia, the biggest horse-breeding
centre of the German Reich before the end of the Second World
War, used to supply to the German Army the largest number or
remounts, while before the war breeding East Prussian foals
and selling them as yearlings was an extremely profitable proposition
for local farmers.
The most prominent role in the foundation of the East Prussian
breed was played by the Trakehnen Stud, founded in 1732 by Frederick
William I of Prussia (father of Frederick the Great), who supplied
both the land and the foundation breeding material, partly from
Royal Studs and partly by importation of many high-class Arabs
from Prince Radziwill’s Stud at Taurogi, in Poland. Trakehner
horses soon became the pride of German horse breeding, and Trakehnen
Stud became the pépiniere of the East Prussian breed.
The Trakehnen Stud, which has a 200-year-old tradition and more,
lay in the north-western part of East Prussia and, looking at
the beautifully drained plains with excellent pastures well
supplied with lime and phosphorus to give horses good bone,
one could hardly believe that in the first quarter of the 18th
century the same place was swampy and only covered by shrubs,
but the stud is now in ruins and the surrounding country is
devastated and generally uncared for.
The Trakehner horse is a beautiful and good-tempered animal,
well ribbed, standing about 16 hands, with strong back and having
a very good action. The horse comes of local and Schweiken origin,
the breed graded up by Arabs and English Thoroughbreds of heavier
type. Just before the Second World War, the Germans, to improve
the breed, looked for a long time for a suitable high-class
Arab stallion, and finally found one in Poland.
In the Trakehnen Stud the service period was towards the end
of November and foals were left with their dams until four and
a half months old. As three-year-olds they were sent to the
training establishment, which was on the spot, where they remained
for a year. When they were four-year-olds they were submitted
to trials which included hunting with a pack of hounds and cross-country
races, the obstacles being fences, banks and open ditches. The
best were retained for breeding in the Trakehnen Stud; the second
best went to State Studs, the third class being sold to private
breeders. These three classes were branded with a stamp (elk’s
horns) on the near side thigh, varying in different classes,
while those who did not pass the test were castrated and sent
as remounts to the army. The important role in improvement of
the Trakehner horse was played by the stallion ‘Perfectionist’
by ‘Persimmon’ out of ‘Perfect Dream of Morion’.
The best offspring during the war were produced by the stallions
‘Persival’ and ‘Dampfross Von Dingo’.
The association of breeders of light horse of Trakehner origin
counted 10,000 members with 20,000 mares registered, while four
State studs bred army remounts in East Prussia from 500 stallions
and 33,000 mares.
From the foregoing it will be seen that this famous breed has
been fostered with characteristic German thoroughness, for it
is doubtful whether any organised breeding has insisted on such
exhaustive training as was undertaken at the Trakehnen Stud.
It is hard to imagine, too, an association watching over the
interests of one breed of light horse claiming a membership
of 10,000. This is a tribute to the breed, which has always
been held in high esteem by horsemen of many nations. No doubt
the high quality, sound constitution and stamina of the breed
owes something to Thoroughbred and Arab blood. The Trakehnen
Stud was destroyed during the war, but the breed is extensively
fostered in the Southern part of East Prussia, now belonging
to Poland. The identical animal is bred in large numbers in
Germany and is known by its old name of East Prussian, which
breed is identical with the Trakehner.
Height, 16 to 16.2 hands.
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