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Zemaitukas
Horse Insurance
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About the Zemaitukas Breed
.The wide grasslands of Lithuania have always
been par excellence a fine horse-producing country, sending
animals in pre-war days to most countries of Europe, including
even Ireland. The country being then a Russian province, they
were all comprehensively known as Russians. These, however,
were not the pure native breed, which is known as the Zemaitukas
and has rarely been seen in Western Europe. The name comes from
‘Zemaitifa’, the name for the Western part of Lithuania.
The plural form of the word is Zemaitukai.
The Zemaitukai are of very ancient origin, and the two main
ancestral strains, those which at all events have had the most
influence on the primitive type, were the Tartar pony of the
steppes (Mongolian or Przevalski horse) and the Arab, from animals
brought by invading Teutonic Knights from Western Europe. The
latter was, and still is, the predominating strain, refreshed
by new Arab stock in recent years.
The appearance of the Zemaitukas is extremely characteristic.
The prevailing colour is dun, with light mane and tail; mouse
colour is also found and, more rarely, bay. All have a dark
dorsal stripe extending to the tail. The head is small, with
bright, intelligent eyes unusually widely spaced. The arched
neck is short and very muscular, with a thick, wavy mane. The
powerful forehand is a distinguishing mark of the breed. The
legs are strong and clean, though light in bone, and the hooves
hard and well shaped. The height varied from 13 to 15 hands
and the weight from 800 to 1,000lb. In general they are compact,
sturdy, well-made animals, full of latent fire and energy, and
altogether worthy representatives of the ancient primitive pony
type.
It is easy to see to what type the Zemaitukas belong from this
description, which must seem very familiar, being so similar
to so many of the Northern European breeds: the dun colour,
the dorsal or eel stripe, the short and muscular neck and the
thick wavy mane. Like all Russian horses and ponies, many of
which are brought up not only in a more or less wild state but
subjected to great variations of temperature, the Zemaitukas
is one of the toughest horses to be found and owes much of this
hardiness to the law of the survival of the fittest which, if
it is harsh in itself, has done much in many parts of the world
to produce so many breeds of outstanding stamina.
Zemaitukas Horse Insurance
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